Grout is probably the oldest material used to seal pipe joints. While grout serves a simple purpose, the variety and diversity of these crack-sealing materials address a number of soil, moisture and pipe material challenges.
Collections and distribution systems all have joints, and every joint is a potential leak site. Leaks in unpressurized pipes can be inside to outside or outside to inside. Both kinds are bad. Inside-out leaks deliver wastewater to the area around the pipe through the failed joints. This liquid can then flow through the pipeline's trench and contaminate the groundwater, emerge onto the surface or flow into surface
